Ribosome Heterogeneity

Various ribosome architectures might exist in various cell types or even within a single cell. It is unexpected to learn that the ribosome’s composition is both dynamic and heterogeneous. Ribosomal composition changes can happen as a result of several stimuli. Ribosome heterogeneity can be caused by cell cycle progression, activation of particular signaling pathways, and cellular stress. To improve the translation of luminal, membrane, or secretory proteins, the ribosome’s conformation at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane is specifically engineered. Co-localized synaptic mRNA translation efficiency is improved by specialized ribosomes that reside at synapses in neurons.

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